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垂体瘤的诊断与处理

Foreword

 

Diagnosis and Management of Pituitary Tumors is ambitiousand is probably the most comprehensive text ever puttogether on this topic. The editors have selected leaders inthe field to address the topic in an extremely thorough andinclusive manner—including historical, anatomical, physiological,epidemiological, pathophysiological, experimental,and pathological considerations—before turning toclinical considerations, both in terms of a general overview,neuroophthalmologic evaluation, imaging, surgery, medicaltherapy, and radiotherapy. Eminent clinicians, surgeons,pathologists, radiologists, and radiation oncologists cover indetail prolactinomas, somatotroph adenomas, corticotrophadenomas, thyrotroph adenomas, nonfunctioning tumors,pituitary tumors in children, as well as invasive adenomasand pituitary carcinomas, and lesions exclusive of pituitaryadenomas that occur in the sellar region. The work finisheswith a chapter on future perspectives for pituitary tumors.The authors have been carefully selected to provide authorityfor up-to-date reviews and the book provides not only backgroundinformation, but also specific and detailed informationdealing with all aspects of pituitary tumors.
 
Diagnosis and Management of Pituitary Tumors meetsa hitherto unfulfilled need for the collection of authoritativeinformation on pituitary tumors. This volume is essentialreading and an essential reference source foreveryone dealing with pituitary tumor patients, includinginternists, endocrinologists, neurosurgeons, neuroradiologists,radiotherapists, as well as pathologists. Theeditors and the publisher are to be commended on undertakingthis timely project, which is certain to be extremelyuseful and successful.
 
 Michael O. Thorner, MB, BS, DSC
Henry B. Mulholland Professor
of Internal Medicine
Chair, Department of Internal Medicine
University of Virginia Health Sciences Center
Charlottesville, VA
 
Preface
 
Pituitary tumors represent a unique form of neoplasm.Both in concept and in practice, they differ fundamentallyfrom virtually all other intracranial neoplasms. The mostobvious difference relates to the dual nature of the clinicalproblem they pose, featuring endocrine concerns on the onehand, complicated by neurooncologic issues on the other.Thus, the diagnostic and therapeutic imperatives thatsurround pituitary tumors are correspondingly unique incalling upon the coordinated expertise of the clinicalendocrinologist, neuroradiologist, neurosurgeon, pathologist,and radiation therapist. Indeed, the excellent long-termoutcomes now enjoyed by many patients with pituitarytumors are directly attributable to this multidisciplinaryapproach and bears testament to the many innovations overthe past two decades. These include new methods in endocrinediagnosis, high resolution imaging, receptor mediated pharmacotherapy,microsurgical technique, the developmentof a precise and physiologically meaningful classificationof pituitary tumors, and improved methods of radiationdelivery.
 
 Whereas pituitary tumors are the subject of several currenttextbooks of endocrinology, neurosurgery, pathology, andradiology, their treatment in these contexts tends to representa unidimensional view of the disease, one understandablyskewed to a specialty-specific readership. This contrastswith the actual way in which pituitary tumors are clinicallymanaged, an approach wherein optimal outcomes result fromthoughtful, interactive decision-making by knowledgeablephysicians of various disciplines. It is of this spirit ofmultidisciplinary cooperation that this text was born.
 
 Our objective was to produce a comprehensive and up-todatereference work encompassing all aspects of pituitarytumors, including consideration of basic science andmolecular biology, their endocrine, radiologic, and pathologicdiagnosis, and, lastly, issues of surgical, medical,and radiotherapeutic management. Thus, we hoped totranscend conventional boundaries and biases of thespecialty-specific approach. Given the enormous and everincreasingliterature on the subject, our task of distilling itinto a single volume was made possible only by enlisting thecontributions of renowned clinicians, surgeons, pathologists,and scientists well known to the medical literature.The result, a collaborative multidisciplinary effort, shouldwell serve the interests of all who deal with pituitary tumors.We are indebted to a number of individuals whose supportand encouragement sustained this project frombeginning to end. In particular, we acknowledge the guidanceand advice provided by our longtime colleague, Dr. EvaHorvath. We are also appreciative of the support providedby Mr. and Mrs. Steven Jarislowsky, Mr. and Mrs. FrancisWittern, and Mr. and Mrs. James Wooters; The Ellis LevittI Welfare Fund; the Physicians Services Incorporated ofOntario; the Lloyd Carr Harris Foundation; Ms. Ann-MarieCreszenci, Office of Postgraduate Medical Education,University of Toronto; Dr. Charles Tator, Former Chairman,Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto; Dr. AvrumGotlieb, Chairman, Department of Laboratory Medicineand Pathobiology, University of Toronto; Dr. BernadetteGarvey, Chief of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael’sHospital; Dr. Robert Bear, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto.
 
The publication of this book would not have been possiblewithout the enthusiastic support and contributions ofMr. Thomas Lanigan and Mr. John Morgan, Humana Press.We are very much indebted to them. We are also grateful toMs. Andrea Maher, who typeset the entire book, includingsome copious revisions that kept it up to date.
 
Kamal Thapar
Kalman Kovacs
Bernd W. Scheithauer
Ricardo V. Lloyd
 
Contents
 
FOREWORD 
 
PREFACE 
 
CONTRIBUTORS 
 
COLOR PLATES 
 
1 Pituitary Adenomas:
Historic Considerations 
Raymond V. Randall, Bernd W. Scheithauer,
and Kalman Kovacs
 
2 Anatomy of the Pituitary Gland
and Sellar Region 
Albert L. Rhoton, Jr.
 
3 Hypothalamic–Pituitary Physiology
and Regulation 
Miklos I. Goth, Gabor B. Makara,
and Ida Gerendai
 
4 Epidemiology of Pituitary Tumors 
Shozo Yamada
 
5 Pathogenesis and Molecular Biology
of Pituitary Tumors 
Ilan Shimon and Shlomo Melmed
 
6 Experimental Models
of Pituitary Tumorigenesis 
Lucia Stefaneanu
 
7 Pathology of Pituitary Adenomas
and Pituitary Hyperplasia 
Bernd W. Scheithauer, Eva Horvath,
Ricardo V. Lloyd, and Kalman Kovacs
 
8 Molecular Pathology of Pituitary Tumors 
Ricardo V. Lloyd
 
9 Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis
of Pituitary Tumors:
General Considerations 
Mary Lee Vance
 
10 Neuro-Ophthalmologic Evaluation 
of Pituitary Tumors
Shirley I. Stiver and James A. Sharpe
 
11 Imaging of Pituitary Tumors 
Derek Emery and Walter Kucharczyk

 

 

12 Positron Emission Tomography
in Sellar Tumors: In Vivo Metabolic,
Receptor, and Enzyme Characterization 
Carin Muhr
 
13 Pituitary Surgery 
Kamal Thapar and Edward R. Laws, Jr.
 
14 Medical Therapy of Pituitary Tumors 
Mark E. Molitch
 
15 Radiation Therapy of Pituitary Tumors:
Including Stereotactic Radiosurgery 
B. Dawn Moose and Edward G. Shaw
 
16 Prolactinomas 
Charles F. Abboud and Michael J. Ebersold
 
17 Somatotroph Adenomas:
Acromegaly and Gigantism 
Hans-Jürgen Quabbe and Ursula Plöckinger
 
18 Corticotroph Adenomas: Cushing’s Disease
and Nelson’s Syndrome 317
Joan C. Lo, J. Blake Tyrrell,
and Charles B. Wilson
 
19 Thyrotroph Adenomas 
Michael Buchfelder and Rudolf Fahlbusch
 
20 Clinically Nonfunctioning
Pituitary Adenomas 
William F. Young, Jr.
 
21 Pituitary Tumors in Children 
Nalin Gupta and James T. Rutka
 
22 Invasive Pituitary Adenoma
and Pituitary Carcinoma 
Peter J. Pernicone and Bernd W. Scheithauer
 
23 Sellar Tumors Other Than Adenomas 
Paul E. McKeever, Mila Blaivas,
and Stephen S. Gebarski
 
24 Tumor-like Lesions of the Sellar Region 
Wolfgang Saeger
 
25 Pituitary Tumors: Future Perspectives 
Gregory M. Miller, Xun Zhang,
and Anne Klibanski
Index 
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